Grammar
Random-ize: Bentley's Miscellany and the spelling of -ize suffix verbs
Founded by the publisher of the Standard Novels series, Richard Bentley, his Miscellany was a literary magazine, publishing novels in installment form. The first editor was Charles Dickens, whose second novel, Oliver Twist, first appeared in the magazine, starting in the first issue.
This is part of an investigation I've been doing into the use and spelling of -ize suffix verbs and their spelling (-ize or -ise) in British English. For more details, related posts and the methods I've used, see the -ize / -ise page. For more on the spelling of -ize verbs in periodicals, see the Periodicals start page.
Wikipedia
Bentley's Miscellany 1836 - 1868
For the first twelve years, s spellings are more numerous, but becoming increasingly less dominant, somewhat against the trend ocurring in other contemporary magazines. Around 1848/9 there's a swing to z spellings, followed around 1854 by a counterswing to s. This swing to z before a final change to s seems fairly typical of nineteenth century publications. This suggests to me that publishers / printers were mainly concerned with consistency.
Publishers and printers
In 1852, according to Wikipedia, ex-editor William Harrison Ainsworth bought the magazine from Bentley, which could explain the move to a new printer, Woodall and Kinder. On the title page of the magazine itself, however, the publisher continues to be listed as Richerd Bentley. A further change of printer around 1855 does seem to coincide with a more consisistent use of s spellings. In 1868, it was sold back to Bentley, who incorporated it into the Temple Bar magazine, published by Ward and Lock, and which had started in 1860.
- Samuel Bentley, Dorset Street, Fleet Street (Vols 1-6)
- S. and J. Bentley, Wilson and Fley, Bangor House, Shoe Lane (to Vol 23)
- S. and J. Bentley and Henry Fley (Vol 25 - 27)
- Samuel Bentley and Co. (Vol 28 - 32)
- Woodall and Kinder, Angel Court, Skinner Street (Vol 33 - 36)
- C. Whiting, Beaufort House, Strand (Vol 37 - at least Vol 62)
Main table comparing -ize verbs spelt with a z and with an s.
From search results at Google Books. All figures are checkable at the entries for individual volumes, in the next section.
| -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | total | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation | total |
| Vol 1 1837 |
1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 12 |
17 | 14 | 7 | 0 | 38 |
| Vol 2 1837 |
3 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 15 |
13 | 35 | 6 | 1 | 55 |
| Vol 5 1839 |
6 | 12 | 4 | 5 | 27 |
8 | 25 | 4 | 2 | 39 |
| Vol 14 1843 |
3 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 23 |
13 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
| Vol 21 1847 |
7 | 17 | 3 | 4 | 31 |
11 | 18 | 2 | 6 | 37 |
| Vol 26 1849 |
8 | 27 | 3 | 21 | 59 |
10 | 21 | 6 | 2 | 39 |
| Vol 31 1852 |
11 | 26 | 10 | 23 | 70 |
11 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 30 |
| Vol 33 1853 |
13 | 34 | 7 | 17 | 71 |
7 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 19 |
| Vol 34 1853 |
12 | 28 | 4 | 16 | 60 |
7 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 31 |
| Vol 35 1854 |
1 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 14 |
17 | 23 | 8 | 15 | 63 |
| Vol 36 1854 |
4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 9 |
15 | 45 | 3 | 14 | 77 |
| Vol 37 1855 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
17 | 40 | 7 | 20 | 84 |
| Vol 38 1855 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
15 | 37 | 4 | 16 | 72 |
| Vol 41 1857 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
27 | 42 | 7 | 7 | 83 |
| Vol 44 1858 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
25 | 50 | 7 | 25 | 107 |
Individual volumes
Click on the numbers to see instances in the relevant volume at Google Books.
Vol 1 1837
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| 1 | | | 1 | | | |
| authorise |
| | 1 | | | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 2 | | 4 | | 2 | | |
| criticise |
| | | | | | | |
| monopolise |
1 | | | | | | 1 | |
| organise |
| | | 1 | | | | |
| realise |
| 2 | | | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| recognise |
| | | | 8 | 9 | | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 6 | | 4 | |
| totals |
1 | 5 | 1 | 5 |
17 | 14 | 7 | 0 |
Vol 2 1837
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 3 | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
| 1 | | | 2 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 3 | | 5 | | | | |
| criticise |
| | | | | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 3 | | |
| organise |
| | | | | 1 | | 1 |
| realise |
1 | 1 | | 1 | | 3 | 1 | |
| recognise |
| | | | 7 | 23 | 2 | |
| sympathise |
2 | | | | 3 | | 2 | |
| totals |
3 | 6 | 0 | 6 |
13 | 35 | 6 | 1 |
Vol 5 1839
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | | 2 | | | 2 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
1 | 2 | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 4 | | 5 | | 1 | | 1 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| monopolise |
1 | | | | 1 | | | |
| organise |
| | | | | | | |
| realise |
2 | 3 | | | 1 | 3 | | 1 |
| recognise |
1 | 2 | 1 | | 4 | 16 | 2 | |
| sympathise |
| 1 | 1 | | | 1 | 1 | |
| totals |
6 | 12 | 4 | 5 |
8 | 25 | 4 | 2 |
Vol 14 1843
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| 1 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | | 3 | | |
| civilise |
| 4 | | 5 | | 1 | | |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
| 1 | 1 | 2 | | | | |
| realise |
1 | 1 | | | | | | |
| recognise |
1 | 3 | | | 5 | 10 | | |
| sympathise |
1 | 1 | | | 6 | | | |
| totals |
3 | 11 | 2 | 7 |
13 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Vol 21 1847
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| 1 | | | | | | |
| authorise |
1 | 4 | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| characterise |
1 | 1 | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 3 | | 2 | | | | 5 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| monopolise |
1 | | | | | 1 | | |
| organise |
| 1 | | 2 | 1 | | | 1 |
| realise |
3 | 1 | 1 | | 3 | | | |
| recognise |
1 | 6 | 1 | | 2 | 15 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
| | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | |
| totals |
7 | 17 | 3 | 4 |
11 | 18 | 2 | 6 |
Vol 26 1849
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| characterise |
2 | 1 | | 1 | | 2 | | |
| civilise |
2 | 12 | | 19 | | | | 2 |
| criticise |
| | | | | 2 | | |
| monopolise |
1 | 1 | 1 | | | | | |
| organise |
| 1 | | | | | 1 | |
| realise |
1 | 5 | | 1 | | 4 | | |
| recognise |
1 | 5 | | | 6 | 13 | | |
| sympathise |
| 1 | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | |
| totals |
8 | 27 | 3 | 21 |
10 | 21 | 6 | 2 |
Vol 31 1852
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | 1 | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
2 | 3 | | | | 3 | | |
| civilise |
| 9 | 1 | 11 | | 1 | | 1 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | 1 | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | | 1 | | |
| realise |
1 | 6 | 2 | 5 | | | | |
| recognise |
6 | 4 | 3 | | 6 | 6 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
1 | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | |
| totals |
11 | 26 | 10 | 23 |
11 | 15 | 3 | 1 |
Vol 33 1853
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
3 | | 3 | | 1 | | | |
| authorise |
| 3 | | | | 3 | | |
| characterise |
| 1 | | | | 2 | | |
| civilise |
1 | 7 | 1 | 13 | | 1 | | |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | 1 | |
| monopolise |
1 | 1 | | | | | | |
| organise |
2 | 3 | | 3 | 1 | 2 | | |
| realise |
1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | | | | |
| recognise |
3 | 12 | 1 | | 3 | 3 | | |
| sympathise |
2 | 1 | | | | | | |
| totals |
13 | 34 | 7 | 17 |
7 | 11 | 1 | 0 |
Vol 34 1853
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | 2 | | | 2 | | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | | | | | |
| characterise |
1 | 2 | | | | 1 | | |
| civilise |
1 | 7 | 2 | 10 | | 1 | | 3 |
| criticise |
| | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| monopolise |
1 | 1 | | | | | | |
| organise |
| 5 | 2 | 4 | | 2 | | 2 |
| realise |
3 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | | |
| recognise |
4 | 6 | | | 1 | 7 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
1 | 2 | | | 2 | | 3 | |
| totals |
12 | 28 | 4 | 16 |
7 | 13 | 6 | 5 |
Vol 35 1854
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | | | | 1 | | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 3 | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| civilise |
| 2 | | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 10 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| organise |
| 2 | 1 | 3 | | 6 | | 5 |
| realise |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | | |
| recognise |
| 1 | | | 7 | 2 | 3 | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 3 | 1 | 3 | |
| totals |
1 | 6 | 2 | 5 |
17 | 23 | 8 | 15 |
Vol 36 1854
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 2 | | |
| characterise |
1 | | | | 2 | 3 | | 1 |
| civilise |
| | 1 | 2 | 1 | 18 | | 6 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| organise |
| | | | | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| realise |
1 | | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| recognise |
1 | 1 | | | 5 | 12 | | |
| sympathise |
1 | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| totals |
4 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
15 | 45 | 3 | 14 |
Vol 37 1855
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 1 | 6 | | |
| civilise |
| | | | | 6 | | 15 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
| | | | 1 | 5 | | 4 |
| realise |
| | | | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
| recognise |
| | | | 7 | 16 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 4 | | 4 | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
17 | 40 | 7 | 20 |
Vol 38 1855
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | | 7 | | |
| civilise |
| | | | | 3 | | 12 |
| criticise |
| | | | 3 | 1 | 1 | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| organise |
| | | | 1 | | 2 | 1 |
| realise |
| | | | 4 | 6 | | 3 |
| recognise |
| | | | 3 | 18 | | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 3 | | | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
15 | 37 | 4 | 16 |
Vol 41 1857
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 3 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
| civilise |
| | | | | 9 | | 5 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| organise |
| | | | | | | 1 |
| realise |
| | | | 7 | 13 | 5 | 1 |
| recognise |
| | | | 10 | 11 | | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 5 | 1 | 1 | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
27 | 42 | 7 | 7 |
Vol 44 1858
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 3 | 4 | | |
| civilise |
| | | 2 | | 11 | | 18 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
| | | | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| realise |
| | | | 7 | 8 | 3 | 2 |
| recognise |
| | | | 9 | 22 | 2 | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
25 | 50 | 7 | 25 |
Links
At Google Books
(S) = Snippet View - searchable only
- Vol 1 1837
- Vol 2 1837
- Supplement to Vol 1 1838 S
- Vol 3 1839 (US)
- 4 NF
- Vol 5 1839
- Vol 6 1839
- Vol 7 1841
- Vol 8 1841 (US)
- Vol ? 1842 (standard novels)
- Vol 9 1842 (US)
- Vol 10 1842 (US)
- 11, 12 NF
- Vol 14 1843
- 15 NF
- Vol 16 1844
- Vol 17 1845
- Vol 18 1845
- Vol 19 1846
- Vol 20 1846
- Vol 21 1847
- Vol 22 1847
- Vol 23 1848
- 24 NF
- Vol 25 1849
- Vol 26 1849
- Vol 27 1850
- Vol 28 1850
- Vol 29 1851
- Vol 30 1851
- Vol 31 1852
- Vol 32 1852
- Vol 33 1853
- Vol 34 1853
- Vol 35 1854
- Vol 36 1854
- Vol 37 1855
- Vol 38 1855
- Vol 39 1856
- Vol 40 1856
- Vol 41 1857
- Vol 42 1857
- Vol 43 1858
- Vol 44 1858
- Vol 45 1859
- Vol 46 1859
- Vol 47 1860
- Vol 48 1860
- Vol 49 1861
- Vol 50 1861
- Vol 51 1862
- Vol 52 1862
- Vol 59 1866
- Vol 62 1867
- Vol ? 1868
- Vol 64 1868 (S)
loading...
-
Random-ise: The Spectator And The Spelling Of -ize Suffix Verbs
The Spectator started off life as a liberal-radical periodical, and is now the intellectual forum of modern conservatism. It bears the same name as, but has nothing to do with, a famous 18th century magazine published by Joseph Addison and Richard...
-
Random-ise: Blackwood's Magazine, The Spelling Of -ize Suffix Verbs
This is part of an investigation I've been doing into the use and spelling of -ize suffix verbs and their spelling (-ize or -ise) in British English. For more details, related posts and the methods I've used, see the -ize / -ise page. For...
-
Random-ise: The Novels Of Jane Austen And -ize And -ise Verbs
This is part of an investigation I've been doing into the use and spelling of -ize suffix verbs and their spelling (-ize or -ise) in British English. For more details, related posts and the methods I've used, see the -ize / -ise page.
Jane...
-
Random-ise: The Quarterly Review, -ize Verbs
This is part of an investigation I've been doing into the use and spelling of -ize suffix verbs and their spelling (-ize or -ise) in British English. For more details, related posts and the methods I've used, see the -ize / -ise page. For...
-
Thackeray's Use Of -ise/-ize Verbs In Vanity Fair
In which I list all the instances of this type of verb in Mr. Thackeray's fine work and note certain inconsistencies in the spelling thereof, and do the same for Mr. Darwin and his Origin of Species.
Background
This is part of an investigation...
Grammar
